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228 Woodcraft Manual for Boys ened between the yarns, odds on one side, evens on the‘other, to hold the yarns open until the rug is all done, but about one inch when it is drawn out. Now, with a needle, the yarns or strings for the warp are stretched from one yam-beam to another, as a continuous string. The exact method is shown on a larger scale in the upper figure I I. The batten or spreader J is a piece of light wood two inches wide and one half inch thick, with square edges, 'but thin, sharp point, and about as long as the yarn-beam. Now, we are ready to begin. Run the batten between the yarns under the sticks H H. Then drop it to the bottom and turn it flatwise, thus spreading the yarns apart in two rows. Lay a line of soft bark, rags, or other woof in this opening on top of the batten, making sure that it projects a couple of inches at . each end. Double these long ends around the strong cords FF then back along themselves. Now draw out the spreading bat- ten and press the woof down tight. Run the batten through alternate threads again, but the reverse way of last, and this time it goes more slowly for the lack of a guide rod.’ Lay a new line of woof as above. When the rug is all finished, except the top inch or more, draw out the rod H H and fill the warp to the top. _ Finally cut and draw out the spiral cords on each yarn-beam. This frees the rug, which is finished, excepting for trim and bind- ing, when such are desired. * Those who want full details of the best Navajo looms and methods will find them in Dr. Washington Matthew’s article ' on Navajo Weavers, 3d Annual Report, Bu‘r. of Ethnology, 2 1881-2. Washington, 1884. -1‘1. . N $‘K—vfl'w‘_A———_ ‘L Camp Rake . A camp rake is made of forked branches of oak, beech, hick- ory, or other hard wood, thus: Cut a handle an inch thick B C and 4 feet long, of the shape shown. Flatten it on each side of A, and make a gimlet—hole through. Now cut ten branches of the shape D E, each about 20 inches long. Flatten them at the E end, and make a gimlet-hole through each. Fasten all together, ‘This is done much more quickly by help of a heald-rod, that is, a hori- zontal stick as wide as the blanket, with every other strand of the warp loosely looped to it by a runniriticord near the to . When this rod is pulled forward it reverses the set of e threads and a ows the batten to drop in at once. - V