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Things to Know and Do 291 yellow-green shining leaves are sufficiently distinctive. A decoc- tion of Willow bark and roots is said to be the best known sub- stitute for quinine. Noted for early leafing and late shedding; leaves 3 to 6 inches long. Wood pale, weak, soft, close-grained ; a cubic foot weighs 28 lbs. Manitoba to Nova Scotia and south to Gulf. Balsam Poplar, Balm of Gilead, or Tacamahac {Populus halsamifera) Fifty or 60 feet ordinarily, but sometimes 100 feet high. Bark rough and furrowed. The great size of the buds and their thick shiny coat of fragrant gum are strong marks. Wood much as in the preceding, but weighs 23 lbs. a cubic foot. Leaves 3 to 6 indies long. Canada and Northern States. Cottonwood {Populus ddioides) Small and rare in the Northeast. Abundant and large in West; even 150 feet high. Wood as m other poplars but weighs 24 lbs. a cubic foot. Leaves 3 to 5 inches long. Maine to Georgia and west to Alberta. Black Walnut {Juglans nigra) A magnificent forest tree up to 150 feet high; usually much smaller in the East. Wood a dark purplish brown or gray; hard, close-grained; strong; very durable in weather or ground